Residents and Communications Technology

Summary
Learning Points for Resilience
Related Themes

Summary

  • Many residents became more proficient in technology use during Covid lockdown
  • Many residents use online shopping and have taught neighbours how to use it
  • Many residents are capable users of Zoom, Facetime, WhatsApp, email and text
  • Some residents have chosen not to learn to use communications technologies or do not feel capable of learning or cannot use technologies due to disabilities such as sight loss
  • Provision of technology such as Wifi and iPads is of little use without training and support

Learning Points for Resilience

  • Access to many aspects of society is now through communications technology
  • Digital access is increasingly necessary for everyone in order to access critical services including health, benefits and banking
  • A number of charities are providing technology teaching and support directly or signposting to local facilities
  • Using digital technology can be encouraged by making it easy to access devices and the internet; providing or signposting skills training and support from experts and from peers; and improving perceptions of how useful and easy it can be to use technology.

Related Themes

  • Information Technology and the Organisation describes ways in which the charity can benefit from, and plan for, changing technologies, as well as discussing current and future technology needs for residents.
  • Safety and Stability places the importance of communication in context, including being able to contact people easily and knowing people are close by, to talk to.

Residents and Communications Technology

We live in the digital age, in which technology can be the only way to access many services in society. The residents we spoke to showed widely varying usage and attitudes to current communications technologies.

Some used email for their activities, such as arranging golf matches. While some used text messages “between us [for] personal things” (Resident 59), they also felt that their preferred communication from the charity was in person, by individual letter and by information on the communal notice boards. Many used Zoom and Facetime during the Covid pandemic lockdowns to keep in contact with family and friends – for some, this required learning new technologies but others had been using communication technologies for some time with family members and friends based abroad. Zoom was also used for attending faith services during lockdown. The facility for online shopping became particularly valuable during the Covid period – those residents already using online grocery or other shopping helped their neighbours to get online or ordered for them. Others adapted to using available applications:

“When COVID happened I had to arrange my own shopping. I contacted Waitrose for delivery online. I had to learn technology to survive”

(Resident 24)

Online shopping was seen as having the advantage of not being impacted by the closure of local shops. Some residents valued technology for receiving updates from the local council or as a source of information, such as local transport schedules. Some mentioned the challenges of online banking. There was recognition of how technology could enable activities:

“She is now in a wheelchair, she can use one arm, and she can talk clearly but slowly, and sometimes then she loses track of things, but she sends completely coherent WhatsApps”

(Resident 27)

The potential role of communications technology in addressing loneliness was also recognised:

“You can Facetime, you can do what you want. I sometimes think, if my mum had that, she wouldn’t have been a lonely person after Dad died, because honestly, I mean, I play Scrabble with my daughter [online]”

(Resident 32)

In addition to communications applications such as Zoom, Facetime, WhatsApp, email and text, technology was used for music and the internal intercom system was found useful by some.

However, attitudes to technology varied widely, and ranged along a spectrum from “not interested” [Resident 50]; “you’re frightened of it” (Resident 48); “I don’t believe in mobiles” (Resident 49) to some use (“I do it under sufferance” (Resident 39)) to daily use embedded in their lives. Clearly, some residents have chosen not to learn to use communications technologies or feel incapable. Some can no longer manage technology due to disabilities such as failing sight. However, many residents were familiar users of email, text messages, online shopping and online searching. The point was made by some residents that, even where technology was available, it was of little use without training and support. One charity partner signposted their residents to teaching and support offered weekly by a local charity in the public library. Another charity had arranged a weekly technical support session in-house, which supported residents with critical applications such as access to NHS appointments and completing official forms. This was valued by residents and helped to reduce digital exclusion.

Related Themes

  • Information Technology and the Organisation describes ways in which the charity can benefit from, and plan for, changing technologies, as well as discussing current and future technology needs for residents.
  • Safety and Stability places the importance of communication in context, including being able to contact people easily and knowing people are close by, to talk to.

Additional Information

We live in the digital age, in which access to many facets of society is mediated by technology. Academic research has found that use of communications technologies has benefits for the well-being of older people, aiding social interaction and reducing isolation (Cheung, Chau, Woo, & Lai, 2023). Our findings align with academic research which has found that older adults tend to engage less with digital technologies than other age groups – the so-called ‘digital divide’- but that usage by older people is now increasing (Hülür & Macdonald, 2020). Theories of technology use applied to older people have pointed to important factors including perceptions of usefulness and of ease of use; beliefs and attitudes including anxiety and self-efficacy; and social influence (Gell, Rosenberg, Demiris, LaCroix, & Patel, 2015). Earlier work proposed three types of barriers which can hinder older people’s use of technology: the material barrier (access to devices, WiFi and the internet); the skills barrier (abilities to use the hardware and software); and the ‘mental barrier’ (emotional and psychological factors such as perceived usefulness and anxiety) (Van Dijk & Hacker, 2003).

Taken together, this suggests that supporting residents’ use of digital services and communications technologies is of major importance. Facilitating access to devices and the internet, enabling skills training and support from experts and from peers, and improving perceptions of usefulness and ease of use of technologies to reduce techno-anxiety and build self-efficacy are all ways to encourage engagement.

Two useful detailed reports on older people and communication technologies are :

Yarker, S. (2020) Use of Information and Communication Technologies to support social connections for older people. Ambition for Ageing.

Good Things Foundation Doing Digital in later life: A practical guide.

References

Cheung, K., Chau, A. K. C., Woo, J., & Lai, E. T. C. (2023). The age-based digital divide in an increasingly digital world: A focus group investigation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 115, 105225. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2023.105225
Futcher, J., Pascale, F., Pooley, A. and Francis, S.A. (2019) Current Uptake of Technology Related to the Built Environment to Support Older Adults to Live Independently in Their Community. Urban Planning, 4 (2). doi:10.17645/up.v4i2.1919
Gell, N. M., Rosenberg, D. E., Demiris, G., LaCroix, A. Z., & Patel, K. V. (2015). Patterns of technology use among older adults with and without disabilities. The Gerontologist, 55(3), 412-421. doi:10.1093/geront/gnt166
Hülür, G., & Macdonald, B. (2020). Rethinking social relationships in old age: Digitalization and the social lives of older adults. American Psychologist. 75(4):554-566. doi:10.1037/amp0000604.
Van Dijk, J., & Hacker, K. (2003). The Digital Divide as a Complex and Dynamic Phenomenon. The Information society, 19(4), 315-326. doi:10.1080/01972240390227895